Maternal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Rural Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Abstract

Maternal and neonatal health remains a critical public health concern in Pakistan, particularly in rural areas where access to skilled care and health infrastructure is limited. This study investigates the determinants of maternal and neonatal outcomes, focusing on antenatal care, skilled birth attendance, and postnatal practices. Using a cross-sectional survey of 1,200 mothers across three rural districts, logistic regression was employed to assess the association between healthcare access, socioeconomic status, maternal education, and neonatal health outcomes. Results indicate that maternal education, frequency of antenatal visits, and access to skilled birth attendants significantly improve neonatal survival rates and reduce maternal complications. Policy implications suggest targeted interventions in rural communities to improve both maternal and neonatal health outcomes.